Answer :
Final answer:
Strong monarchs in England introduced centralization of power, legal reforms, and professional bureaucracies to enhance royal authority. They also established direct taxation and invested in the navy for trade and influence. These practices laid the foundation for modern governance.
Explanation:
New Practices Introduced by Strong Monarchs in England
During the period of strong monarchs in England, significant changes and new practices were introduced that shaped the governance and authority of the monarchy. Notably:
- Centralization of Power: Monarchs such as Henry VII and Elizabeth I centralized authority, reducing the power of the nobility. This was reflected in the establishment of a more powerful royal court and the limiting of feudal rights.
- Legal Reforms: The monarchs implemented legal reforms to promote fairness and consistency in law. The Magna Carta of 1215 laid the groundwork for this by establishing that even the king is subject to the law.
- Professional Bureaucracies: Strong monarchs developed bureaucratic institutions to manage and enforce their policies. For instance, the Privy Council was created to assist in governance, allowing for more efficient decision-making.
- Taxation and Finance: To support their aspirations, monarchs like Charles I solidified their control over taxation and sought more direct methods of raising funds, minimizing dependence on parliamentary approval.
- Expansion of the Navy: Strong monarchs invested in a strong navy, which not only expanded trade but also enforced their influence overseas, particularly evident during the reigns of Elizabeth I and later monarchs.
These practices not only enhanced the monarch's power but also set the stage for future developments in England’s political landscape.
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