Answer :
This is because as the temperature increases, the kinetic energy of the molecules also increases, causing them to move more vigorously and disrupt the cohesive forces that contribute to surface tension.
the specific gravity of mercury (SHg) is given as 13.6.
the rise of water will be greater in the 0.5 mm diameter tube compared to the 1 mm diameter tube.
the center of pressure is pushed downwards, below the centroid.
the kinematic viscosity of the fluid in stokes is 50 stokes.
the kinematic viscosity of the fluid in stokes is 50 stokes.
the kinematic viscosity of the fluid in stokes is 50 stokes.
the flow of constant flow rate through a variable cross-sectional area pipe is considered non-uniform.
4- The surface tension parameter changes with temperature. It is important to note that surface tension generally decreases with increasing temperature. This is because as the temperature increases, the kinetic energy of the molecules also increases, causing them to move more vigorously and disrupt the cohesive forces that contribute to surface tension.
5- To determine the equivalent pressure of 10.34 meters of water in terms of mercury (Hg), we need to consider the specific gravity of mercury. The specific gravity of a substance is the ratio of its density to the density of water. In this case, the specific gravity of mercury (SHg) is given as 13.6.
To find the equivalent pressure, we can use the formula:
Equivalent pressure = Specific gravity of the fluid × Height of the fluid
Plugging in the values, we have:
Equivalent pressure = 13.6 × 10.34 = 140.384 mmHg
So, 10.34 meters of water is equivalent to 140.384 mmHg of mercury.
6- When two capillary tubes of different diameters (0.5 mm and 1 mm) are dipped in a pot containing water, the rise of water in the tubes will be different. The rise of water in a capillary tube is inversely proportional to its diameter. This means that the smaller the diameter of the tube, the higher the rise of water will be.
Therefore, in this case, the rise of water will be greater in the 0.5 mm diameter tube compared to the 1 mm diameter tube.
7- In a submerged surface, the center of pressure is always below the centroid. The center of pressure is the point where the total force acting on the submerged surface can be considered to be acting. The centroid, on the other hand, is the geometric center of the submerged surface.
Due to the hydrostatic pressure distribution, the center of pressure is always located below the centroid. This is because the pressure increases with depth, resulting in a higher pressure at the bottom of the submerged surface compared to the top. As a result, the center of pressure is pushed downwards, below the centroid.
8- The kinematic viscosity of a fluid is defined as the ratio of its dynamic viscosity to its density. In this case, the fluid has a viscosity of 0.5 poises (dynamic viscosity) and a specific gravity of 0.5 (density relative to water).
To find the kinematic viscosity in Stokes, we need to convert the viscosity from poises to stokes using the conversion factor
1 poise = 100 stokes
So, the viscosity in stokes is 0.5 poises × 100 stokes/poise = 50 stokes.
Therefore, the kinematic viscosity of the fluid in stokes is 50 stokes.
9- To determine the height of water that corresponds to a height of 3.75 cm of mercury in a manometer, we need to use the concept of specific gravity.
The specific gravity of a substance is the ratio of its density to the density of water. In this case, we are comparing the density of mercury to the density of water.
The specific gravity of mercury is typically around 13.6. So, to find the height of water that corresponds to 3.75 cm of mercury, we can use the formula:
Height of water = Height of mercury × (Specific gravity of mercury / Specific gravity of water)
Plugging in the values, we have:
Height of water = 3.75 cm × (13.6 / 1) = 51 cm
Therefore,the kinematic viscosity of the fluid in stokes is 50 stokes.
10- When a fluid flows through a pipe with a variable cross-sectional area, the flow is considered non-uniform. This is because the velocity of the fluid changes as it passes through different sections of the pipe with varying cross-sectional areas.
In a steady flow, the flow rate remains constant. However, in a variable cross-sectional area pipe, the flow rate can vary at different points along the pipe. Therefore, the flow of constant flow rate through a variable cross-sectional area pipe is considered non-uniform.
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