Answer :
10.1 Meaning of Soil Erosion:
Soil erosion is the process by which the top layer of soil is removed due to natural forces such as wind and water, or human activities. This loss of nutrient-rich topsoil can lead to reduced agricultural productivity and environmental damage.
10.2 Impact on the Denku Region of Ethiopia:
In the Denku Region of Ethiopia, soil erosion has significantly disadvantaged the community by reducing the fertility of farm lands. This results in lower crop yields, contributing to food insecurity and economic challenges for the residents.
10.3 Bad Farming Practices that Cause Soil Erosion:
Deforestation: Removing trees and vegetation for farming exposes soil directly to rainfall and wind, making it more susceptible to erosion.
Overgrazing: Allowing livestock to graze excessively diminishes vegetation cover, leaving the soil unprotected and vulnerable to being washed or blown away.
10.4 Better Practices to Reduce Soil Erosion and Improve Agricultural Production:
To introduce better practices that help reduce soil erosion and improve agricultural production, it is essential to implement sustainable techniques. One approach is the practice of contour farming, where plowing is done along the contours of the land to reduce runoff. Another method is agroforestry, which involves integrating trees into farmland to anchor the soil, provide shade, and improve biodiversity. Training and education for small-scale farmers on these methods, as well as the introduction of community-led initiatives like reforestation projects, can empower farmers to adopt practices that protect their soil and increase productivity. Additionally, improving access to resources like quality seeds and land management tools can further support these efforts.
