Answer :
Final answer:
In adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), each rescue breath should last for about one second to simulate natural respiratory rates and ensure sufficient alveolar ventilation. Excessive ventilation is discouraged as it increases intrathoracic pressure, reducing cardiac output and perfusion to the heart and brain.
Explanation:
In adult CPR, each rescue breath should last for approximately one second. This timing helps to mimic natural, non-exertional respiratory rates which range from 12 to 15 breaths per minute. The aim is to ensure sufficient alveolar ventilation, which aids in preventing excessive carbon dioxide build-up in the alveoli.
Excessive ventilation during CPR is discouraged because it can significantly increase the intrathoracic pressure. This increase in pressure can reduce venous return to the heart and subsequently lower cardiac output, ultimately affecting the effectiveness of chest compressions and decreasing coronary and cerebral perfusion.
Understanding the Work of Breathing and Respiratory Rate is essential for effective application of CPR techniques. The balance between tidal volume, which refers to the amount of air that enters the lungs during normal breathing, and respiratory rate constitutes the key components of alveolar ventilation. Whether the rescuer increases the tidal volume or the respiratory rate, the overall objective is to maintain effective alveolar ventilation and prevent hypoxia, which can lead to irreversible brain damage.
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