Answer :
Final answer:
The downstream chloride concentration can be calculated using the principle of conservation. Assuming the concentration of chloride upstream of the junction is 20.0 mg/L and the tributary has a flow rate of 5.0 m/s, the downstream chloride concentration can be found by solving the equation: 20.0 mg/L * Q1 + C2 * 5.0 m/s = C3 * (Q1 + 5.0 m/s).
Explanation:
To calculate the downstream chloride concentration, we can use the principle of conservation. Since chloride is treated as a conservative substance, its concentration does not change during mixing.
Let's denote the concentration of the stream before the junction as C1 and the concentration of the tributary as C2. The flow rate of the stream is not provided, so we'll assume it to be Q1, and the flow rate of the tributary is given as 5.0 m/s.
According to the principle of conservation, the total mass of chloride before the junction is equal to the total mass of chloride after the junction:
C1 * Q1 + C2 * Q2 = C3 * (Q1 + Q2)
Where C3 is the downstream chloride concentration and Q2 is the flow rate of the tributary.
Since the concentration of chloride upstream of the junction is given as 20.0 mg/L, we can substitute the values into the equation:
20.0 mg/L * Q1 + C2 * 5.0 m/s = C3 * (Q1 + 5.0 m/s)
Now, we can solve this equation to find the downstream chloride concentration C3.
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