Answer :
Final answer:
An uncharged atom of gold has 79 protons and 79 electrons (equal to the atomic number), and 118 neutrons (calculated by substracting atomic number from atomic mass).The correct answer is option A.
Explanation:
The uncharged atom of gold has an atomic number of 79 which identifies the number of protons in its nucleus.
So, this gold atom has 79 protons. Because the gold atom is uncharged, it must have the same number of electrons as protons, hence it also has 79 electrons.
The atomic mass, which is approximately 197 for gold, is the sum of protons and neutrons.
Therefore, if we subtract the number of protons (i.e., 79) from the atomic mass (i.e., 197), we find that the atom has 118 neutrons. Therefore, the answer is (A): 79 protons, 118 neutrons, and 79 electrons.
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