Answer :
Final answer:
The alveolar ventilation rate is indeed the best index of effective ventilation because it accounts for both the number of breaths per minute and the volume of air per breath, which are critical for adequate gas exchange in the lungs.
Explanation:
The statement that the alveolar ventilation rate is the best index of effective ventilation is True. Alveolar ventilation rate takes into account not only the respiratory rate or the number of breaths per minute but also the tidal volume, which is the volume of air moved in or out of the lungs with each breath. Effective alveolar ventilation ensures that enough oxygen reaches the alveoli for gas exchange and that carbon dioxide is adequately removed, thus it is a vital indicator of respiratory health and functionality. In response to the secondary question, when alveolar ventilation is too low, indicating inadequate ventilation, the body's natural response is to increase the respiratory rate to try to take in more oxygen and expel more carbon dioxide. The volume of air per breath may also be increased to get more air in and out of the lungs. Conversely, if alveolar ventilation is too high, which can lead to excessive loss of carbon dioxide, the respiratory rate might be reduced to allow carbon dioxide levels to normalize. The adjustments made in respiratory rate and tidal volume help maintain the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood.
