Answer :
The freezing point of the solution is approximately -3.2°C.
To calculate the freezing point of a solution containing 12.1 g FeCl₃ in 173 g water, we need to use the formula: ΔTf = Kf * molality * i.
First, find the molality by dividing the moles of solute FeCl₃ by the kilograms of solvent (water).
The molar mass of FeCl₃ is 162.2 g/mol, so there are 0.0746 moles of FeCl₃ in the solution.
Next, convert 173 g water to 0.173 kg. The molality is 0.0746/0.173 = 0.431 mol/kg.
The Kf for water is 1.86°C kg/mol, and the van 't Hoff factor (i) for FeCl₃ is 4, as it dissociates into 4 ions. Now, plug in the values:
ΔTf = 1.86 * 0.431 * 4 = 3.204°C.
Subtract this from the normal freezing point of water (0°C):
0 - 3.204 = -3.204°C.
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