Answer :
The beneficial effects of NSAIDs (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs) are primarily brought about by their ability to inhibit the production of prostaglandins.
Prostaglandins are hormone-like substances that play a crucial role in mediating inflammation, pain, and fever. They are produced by the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX), which has two isoforms: COX-1 and COX-2.
NSAIDs work by selectively or non-selectively inhibiting the activity of COX enzymes, thereby reducing the synthesis of prostaglandins. This leads to a decrease in inflammation, pain, and fever, which are common symptoms associated with various medical conditions, such as arthritis, muscle pain, and headaches.
Selective NSAIDs, like Celecoxib, specifically target the COX-2 enzyme, which is more associated with inflammation and pain, while sparing the COX-1 enzyme, which is important for maintaining the protective lining of the gastrointestinal tract. This selective inhibition results in fewer gastrointestinal side effects compared to non-selective NSAIDs, like Ibuprofen and Naproxen, that inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes.
In summary, the beneficial effects of NSAIDs are due to their ability to inhibit the COX enzymes and reduce prostaglandin production, leading to a decrease in inflammation, pain, and fever. Selective NSAIDs are preferred in certain cases due to their reduced gastrointestinal side effects compared to non-selective NSAIDs.
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