College

The quotient of [tex]x^4 + 5x^3 - 3x - 15[/tex] and [tex]x^3 - 3[/tex] is a polynomial. What is the quotient?



A. [tex]x^7 + 5x^6 - 6x^4 - 30x^3 + 9x + 45[/tex]



B. [tex]x - 5[/tex]



C. [tex]x + 5[/tex]



D. [tex]x^7 + 5x^6 + 6x^4 + 30x^3 + 9x + 45[/tex]

Answer :

We are given the division

$$
\frac{x^4 + 5x^3 - 3x - 15}{x^3 - 3}.
$$

To find the quotient, we perform polynomial long division as follows.

1. **Divide the leading terms:**
The leading term of the dividend is $x^4$ and the leading term of the divisor is $x^3$. Dividing these gives

$$
\frac{x^4}{x^3} = x.
$$

2. **Multiply and subtract:**
Multiply the divisor by $x$:

$$
x(x^3 - 3) = x^4 - 3x.
$$

Subtract this product from the dividend:

$$
\begin{aligned}
&\quad \; \left(x^4 + 5x^3 - 3x - 15\right) \\
&- \left(x^4 - 3x\right) \\
&= x^4 + 5x^3 - 3x - 15 - x^4 + 3x \\
&= 5x^3 - 15.
\end{aligned}
$$

3. **Repeat the division:**
Now, the new dividend is $5x^3 - 15$. Divide its leading term, $5x^3$, by the leading term of the divisor, $x^3$:

$$
\frac{5x^3}{x^3} = 5.
$$

4. **Multiply and subtract again:**
Multiply the divisor by $5$:

$$
5(x^3 - 3) = 5x^3 - 15.
$$

Subtract this from $5x^3 - 15$:

$$
\begin{aligned}
&\quad \; \left(5x^3 - 15\right) \\
&- \left(5x^3 - 15\right) \\
&= 0.
\end{aligned}
$$

Since the remainder is $0$, the division is exact. The quotient combined is the sum of the terms we obtained, which is

$$
x + 5.
$$

Thus, the quotient of $\left(x^4+5 x^3-3 x-15\right)$ divided by $\left(x^3-3\right)$ is

$$
\boxed{x+5}.
$$