Answer :
Final answer:
The statement that a researcher may withhold information relevant to a participant's decision is NOT a characteristic of ethical human subjects research. Ethical research involves informed consent, where participants must know potential risks. Other statements about treatment, mutual benefits, and trust are indeed characteristics of ethical research.
Explanation:
Characteristics of Ethical Human Subjects Research
In ethical human subjects research, several principles are paramount to ensure the protection and respect of participants. One statement in your question stands out as inconsistent with these ethical principles:
- A researcher may withhold information relevant to a participant's decision to participate in the study, including any possibilities of physical danger or psychological stress. This is NOT a characteristic of ethical research. Ethical standards, such as those outlined in the Belmont Report, emphasize informed consent, meaning that participants must be fully aware of any potential risks before agreeing to take part in a study.
- The experimenter treats the participant with concern and respect and attempts to make the research experience a pleasant and informative one. This is an essential characteristic of ethical research.
- The relationship between the researcher and the participant is mutually beneficial. This reflects an important aspect of ethical research, focusing on the welfare of participants.
- Trust and positive rapport are created between the researcher and the participant. This is vital in ethical research, fostering an environment where participants feel safe and valued.
In conclusion, it is crucial that researchers uphold ethical standards by ensuring transparency and respect in their interactions with participants.
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