Answer :
Final answer:
The statement that the alveolar ventilation rate is the best index of effective ventilation is True, as this rate is critical for ensuring sufficient oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide removal through the alveoli.
Explanation:
The statement that the alveolar ventilation rate is the best index of effective ventilation is True (A). Alveolar ventilation is crucial because it dictates how much fresh air reaches the alveoli, where gas exchange primarily takes place and how effectively carbon dioxide is expelled from the body.
In relation to changes in alveolar ventilation, when ventilation is low, mechanisms in the body tend to increase the respiratory rate, while the volume of air per breath may either decrease or increase depending on the situation to compensate. Conversely if ventilation is high the body will attempt to correct this by varying the respiratory rate and the volume of air per breath accordingly. The goal is always to maintain adequate gas exchange by ensuring that enough oxygen is absorbed and that carbon dioxide is expelled efficiently.
