A client is receiving a continuous infusion of normal saline at 125 mL/hour post-abdominal surgery. The client is drowsy and complaining of constant abdominal pain and a headache. Urine output is 800 mL over the past 24 hours, with a central venous pressure of 15 mmHg. The nurse notes respiratory crackles and bounding central pulses.

Vital signs:
- Temperature: 101.2 °F (38.4° C)
- Heart rate: 96 beats/minute
- Respirations: 24 breaths/minute
- Blood pressure: 160/90 mmHg

Which intervention should the nurse implement first?

a. Review the last administration of IV pain medication.
b. Decrease IV fluids to keep vein open rate.
c. Administer PRN dose of acetaminophen.
d. Calculate total intake and output for the last 24 hours.

The first intervention for a client exhibiting signs of fluid overload should be to decrease the IV fluids to a keep vein open rate. This response is dictated by the immediate need to address potential life-threatening complications such as pulmonary edema.

Explanation:

The intervention that the nurse should implement first for a client receiving a continuous infusion of normal saline post abdominal surgery, who is drowsy, complaining of constant abdominal pain, a headache, and showing signs of fluid overload, is b. Decrease IV fluids, to keep vein open rate. The presence of respiratory crackles, bounding central pulses, and elevated central venous pressure (CVP) indicates that the patient may be experiencing fluid overload. Starting with this intervention aligns with addressing the most critical signs of potential complications, such as pulmonary edema or congestive heart failure, which are life-threatening. Reviewing the last administration of IV pain medication and administering a PRN dose of acetaminophen may be important for comfort and fever but are not as immediately critical as managing the fluid status. Calculating total intake and output is essential for overall management but is not the immediate first step in stabilizing the patient.