Answer :
Final answer:
The standard diameter of a concrete pipe for half-full flow conditions is approximately 12 inches. The correct answer is option b.
Explanation:
To determine the standard diameter of a concrete pipe for half-full flow conditions, we need to calculate the flow velocity. Using the Manning's equation, we can relate the velocity, flow rate, and hydraulic radius of the pipe.
Given the peak sewage flow rate of 1mgd and the distance between the manholes, we can calculate the hydraulic radius. With the hydraulic radius known, we can find the required diameter for half-full flow conditions.
Using the Manning's equation for open channel flow, we have: V = (1.485/n) * (R^(2/3)) * (S^(1/2)), where V is the velocity, n is the Manning's roughness coefficient, R is the hydraulic radius, and S is the slope.
After calculating the hydraulic radius, which is 2.55ft, we can substitute it in the equation along with the flow rate and solve for the velocity. Finally, we can find the required diameter using the equation for velocity: velocity = (Q) / (A), where Q is the flow rate and A is the cross-sectional area.
Based on the calculations, the standard diameter of a concrete pipe for half-full flow conditions is approximately 12 inches (option b).
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