2. (30 pts) A solution contains 80.0 wt% H2SO4 (M = 98.1 g/mol) and 20.0 wt% H2O (M = 18.0 g/mol). The specific gravity of the solution is 1.73.

1. Find the mass (in kg) of 1.00 gallon of this solution.

2. Find the moles of H2SO4 (in mol) in 1.00 gallon of the solution.

3. Find the mass flow rate of H2SO4 (in kg/h) if the solution flows into a process unit at a flow rate of 275 gal/h.

The mass of 1.00 gallon of the solution is 6.54 kg. There are 53.32 moles of H2SO4 in 1.00 gallon of the solution. The mass flow rate of H2SO4 is 1438.25 kg/h.

Explanation:

Mass of 1.00 Gallon Solution

To find the mass of 1.00 gallon of the solution, we first need to convert the volume from gallons to litres. 1.00 gallon is approx 3.785 L. Because specific gravity is a unitless value representing the density of a substance compared to the density of water, we know the solution's density is 1.73 g/mL which equals 1730 kg/m3. Therefore, the mass of 1.00 gallon of solution is (1.73 g/mL * 3785 mL) = 6.54 kg.

Moles of H2SO4 in 1.00 Gallon Solution

H2SO4 makes up 80% of the solution by weight, so the mass of H2SO4 is 0.8 * 6.54 kg = 5.23 kg. Considering the molar mass of H2SO4 is 98.1 g/mol or 0.0981 kg/mol, we can calculate the moles of H2SO4 as (5.23 kg ÷ 0.0981 kg/mol) = 53.32 mol.

Mass Flow Rate of H2SO4

If the solution is entering a process at a rate of 275 gal/h, then the total mass of H2SO4 carried by this solution would be (5.23 kg/gal * 275 gal/h) = 1438.25 kg/h.

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