Answer :
A Thermal Conductivity Detector works on the principle of differences in thermal conductivity between two gas streams. In gas chromatography, it generates peaks on the chromatogram corresponding with different compounds. Its advantages include being able to detect any compound different from the carrier gas, and having a large dynamic range.
A Thermal Conductivity Detector (TCD) works on the principle of heating. It has two filaments, one with the sample and carrier gas, and one with just the carrier gas. The presence of another gas (the sample) in one filament reduces its thermal conductivity, leading to a temperature difference between the filaments which is proportional to the concentration of the sample gas.
In terms of its role in a gas chromatogram, as the separated compounds emerge from the gas chromatography column, they pass through the TCD. Changes in the thermal conductivity, measured as voltage changes, create peaks on the chromatogram. The time at which a peak appears (the retention time) and size of a peak provide information about the identity and amount of compound in the sample.
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